DATA CULTURE
对所有学生提供更明智和更公平的决定的实践

数据文化指南

教育家和管理员的全面数据文化资源

对于一世纪以来，标准化的测试结果已被用来衡量学生，教师和学校的成功 - 甚至标志着我们的全球竞争力或缺乏。这些数据在国家和州层面推动了大量的教育政策和资助模式，学区投入万博manbetx官网从一周到一个月的任何地方每个学年都是学生评估，花费了一个估计有17亿美元each year.

但简单地拥有数据是不够的。Today, many school districts struggle with DRIP syndrome: they are Data Rich and Information Poor, because their ability to organize, process, and understand school data is limited. They may have deeply embedded practices where data are used only superficially to check a box. Data use may be inconsistent across the organization or only occurs in silos. Some school districts may even have beliefs and norms – a culture – that actually diminish the potential benefits of assessment and data collection. The truth is that the work to dismantle bad habits and unhealthy systems is really, really hard. But if we are going to rise to the challenge of truly closing achievement gaps, especially those exacerbated by the COVID-19 crisis, our schools need better data and a stronger data culture. We need to enable them to make more informed and more equitable decisions about how to improve educational experiences and outcomes for all students.

“许多地区是数据丰富但信息差
因为他们能够组织，过程和理解
数据有限。“



目录

单击任何章节以直接滚动到它。
章

    - 1 -

    Why is Data Culture Important?

    WHY IS CHANGING OUR DATA CULTURE IMPORTANT?

    For decades we have based many of our policy and practice decisions on standardized testing data. These tests are, and were, incredibly high-stakes for students, teachers, and schools. The stakes were intended to hold us accountable for educatingall孩子们。但基于这些测试的决策的影响是最重要的。我们知道，标准化的测试数据在孤立中观看时，代表了学生成功的有限观点，甚至可以误导我们。我们知道我们强制执行的政策，我们根据这些数据制作的决定未能在收入水平和白人学生和颜色的学生之间密切关注持久的成就差异，即使经过50多年的测试。

    现在，我们拼命寻求了解Covid-19危机如何影响学生。对于一些人来说，大流行有并将继续加剧这些成就差距。传统上在学校系统中挣扎的其他学生已经找到了在远程学习中茁壮成长的方法。学区现在面临着了解这一全球大流行如何影响最脆弱的学生的巨大挑战，我们不能依赖同一信息，并且几十年来通过这一挑战指导我们的同一信息。

    “我们知道标准化的测试数据，
    when viewed in isolation, represent a limited view
    学生成功，甚至可以误导我们。“

    - 2 -

    What are the Key Elements of Improving Data Culture?

    那么，数据文化是什么？

    The education industry has experienced a surge in innovation, and in fact, spending specifically in EdTech is expected to nearly double just in the next five years. But most of the advancements specific to education data have been focused on producing more and better data or building technical systems (such as platforms and dashboards) for displaying data. Without equal investment in data culture, or thehuman factors related to understanding and using data, the efforts tied to data quality, infrastructure, and technology will fail to have an impact.

    A school district’s可以定义数据文化by beliefs, values, norms, resources, and spaces.

    数据文化信仰值rangs_2“width=

    对于好的措施：
    建立学校强大数据文化的指南

    For Good Measure - Data Culture Guide cover“width=今天，许多学区与Drip综合征斗争：它们是丰富的数据和信息差，因为他们组织，过程和理解数据的能力有限。通过我们的新指南，我们为学区和学校领导者提供战略，以更好地了解其现有的数据文化，并确定需要改进的方式。

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    改善数据文化的关键要素是什么？

    为了发展强大的数据文化，其中人为因素的优先考虑，学校应致力于以下内容：

    • Defining a shared vision for data culture specific to the district’s unique needs and context
    • 建立对该地区现有优势的共同理解，可以利用实现这一愿景，以及该地区应投入改善努力和资源的最优先领域manbetx万博网贴吧
    • 定义规范和实践，以培养地区的强大数据文化的愿景
    • 利用响应实践的数据，增加了领导者的专业知识，包括迭代设计和冲刺循环

    We believe that districts can work toward building a strong data culture – one that is democratized and useful – by examining and strengthening their practice in six areas. These Six Essential Elements of Strong Data Culture provide a framework for district and school leaders to better understand their existing data culture and identify the ways in which it needs to be improved.

    数据文化的基本要素-1“width=

    教育元素万博manbetx官网万博manbetx官网团队在学校的数据文化中分享我们的基本要素，并潜入为什么您需要更改您的思考数据方式（包括如何在学校和教室中映射您的数据决策）。您可能已经在您的地区收集了大量信息，例如传统的考勤数据，平台参与信息，学生访问at-Home Computers /互联网，以及教育技术平台的数据使用情况。万博manbetx官网我们所知道的一些数据已经存在，但我们尚不确定如何使用它。在某些情况下，我们可能无法收集足够的数据，但我们需要经常使用这些信息。

    WHO SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN DEVELOPING A BETTER DATA CULTURE? WHO IS A DATA PERSON?

    例如，只有误解，只有某些人属于数据界或数据团队 - 技术专家，学者和研究人员。这通常是由于以下内容。

    • Data silos: When organizations signal that information (and the conversations about it) live within one team or department, which is often disconnected from everyone else.
    • 数据路障：当对数据安全性和隐私保护的担忧导致有限的透明度和可访问性。
    • 数据恐吓：当专家囤积与别人觉得与数据相关的权力时，他们认为他们没有知识或专业知识来理解它。
    • Data exhaustion: When it requires too much time and energy to find the information you need.

    然而，为了具有强大的数据文化，学区必须努力脱贱和民主化所有利益相关者的数据。他们一定拥抱数据应该属于每个人的心态并确保通过各种利益相关者轻松访问，理解和使用数据。

    在这个网络研讨会上，教育元素团队谈论您可以纳入数据文化万博manbetx官网万博manbetx官网的具体方式，以改善本学年的员工和学生的决策。我们提供了一些可以从更容易访问的数据中受益的少女，以及它们如何利用它。为了更全面概述数据文化和提示，您可以开始应用此知识，查看下面链接的完整网络研讨会！

    以下示例包括以下情况：

    • School leaders不仅可以轻松访问分列的学生成就数据，以获得学校改进计划，但他们还可以从员工中收集员工的感知数据，以改善工作场所文化。
    • Teachers了解如何收集易于理解的形成性评估数据并适用于他们的教学实践，但他们也了解有关他们学生的传记和社会情感信息，以更好地了解他们的个人需求。
    • 学生们know their summative assessment scores and class ranking to understand their relative performance, and they also have data that show them their individual strengths to make decisions about their own learning, like course selections.
    • Parentsknow their child’s report card grades, but they can also access and easily understand information about their child’s social and emotional learning at school to better support their development and home.

    - 3 -

    The Impact of a Strong Data Culture

    HOW CAN WE MAKE DECISION MAKING MORE INCLUSIVE?

    A more inclusive data culture requires a mindset shift from “we collect data so that we can do something为了” people, to “we collect data so that we can do something和”人们。The shift from a “for” to “with” mindset is subtle but it leads to more inclusivity, makes space for agency, and creates buy-in and motivation that can lead to better results.

    When a school district has a “with” culture that promotes equity and inclusion, it means that在内部，有意努力：

    • Collect data that are representative of all stakeholders
    • Use data to shine a light on areas of inequity or injustice
    • Name and neutralize individual and collective biases when using data

    Externally，通过信息提供的权力分布，特别是通过促进透明度，对话和共享决策，尤其是常见的群体群体。

    School districts with a data culture that promote equity and inclusion相信那：

    • 数据在识别障碍边缘化学生面临的障碍方面发挥着重要作用。
    • All stakeholders play a valuable role in collecting, analyzing, and using data.
    • 信息是权力，并且该权力应分发所有利益相关者，以有意努力赋予边缘化人口。

    School districts with a data culture that promote equity and inclusion做以下：

    • Audit their data resources to ensure equitable and just representation of all stakeholders.
    • 收集并使用数据以具体的目的，了解边缘化学生成功的障碍。
    • Make intentional efforts to share data with marginalized stakeholders and engage them in meaningful dialogue about the information.
    • 在分析数据时采取积极的措施来中和偏见，包括社会调查结果和团队对话中的潜在偏见。

    HOW CAN A STRONGER DATA CULTURE HELP SCHOOL DISTRICTS BECOME MORE RESPONSIVE?

    在教育万博manbetx官网万博manbetx官网元素，我们深入了解帮助学区成为更激励组织的权力。我们相信，对他们周围不断变化的条件负责的学校可以更好地应对学生的教育需求。万博manbetx官网但是，在许多学区，这意味着在20世纪初的教育成功中迁离了深深的根深蒂固的学校管理和领导实践 - 专为一个不那么多元化的学生人口而设计，并为高度结构化环境做好准备，万博manbetx官网像工厂和大型组织。

    为了保持竞争力和抓住新的想法和创新呈现的机会，学区必须重新发明它们如何工作和拥抱允许持续创新，学习和变革的组织模型。这意味着更多分布式权限，对实验和“足够的”安全“，计划改变而不是完美，更公开地分享信息，并专注于学习组织。

    A strong data culture can drive responsive practices within schools and teams, and across districts as a whole. In districts with strong data culture, systems, policies, and practices support timely, in the moment iteration. When the needs of their end users change, a responsive data culture can quickly pivot to support those needs. For example, when a global pandemic shuts down schools indefinitely, district and school leaders can immediately access information they’ve always collected but rarely used, like which students have access to computers at home.

    在响应性数据文化中，为评估目的收集各种数据，以确定是否达到预期结果的程序或干预。但数据是还收集沿途的敏感改进和迭代。例如，当学校实现一个新的数学课程时，校长不会等到年底以查看数据。她每月评论数据，甚至每周都要确定该计划是否正在通过富达和有征验迹象实现。团队建立使用和谈论数据的习惯，并从这些谈话中学习允许他们在快速变化时敏捷。

    更强大的数据文化如何帮助学区地址丢失？

    现实是，我们不知道Covid-19危机如何影响我们的学生，或危机如何影响预先存在的条件。更糟糕的是，正如老将波士顿公立学校老师，内玛阿维娅，在Edweek描述，“负责制定政策决定的人迄今取消了大流行教育的经验，即他们的决定似乎似乎似乎反映了年轻人的生活现实。”

    School districts with a strong data culture take a holistic approach to data-based decision making by broadening the scope of what they are investigating。Rather than narrowly focusing on “learning loss” as evaluated by standardized assessments, they ask students directly about the impact of the pandemic on their relationships, their mental health and wellness, and how remote learning has improved or worsened their educational experience. They leverage empathy interviews, focus groups, and forums to collect qualitative data, and their quantitative data will be more representative of the whole child.

    作为ASCD describes, this means going beyond the narrowly defined academic success measured by high-stakes tests to one that focuses on the long-term development and success of all children. In a holistic data culture, data are collected and analyzed in order to also understand the extent to which:

    • 每个学生都进入学校健康和learns about, practices, and is supported in their pursuit of healthy habits.
    • 每个学生都在身体和情感上的环境中学习safe对于学生和成年人。
    • 每个学生都积极engaged在学习和与学校和兄弟ader community.
    • 每个学生都可以访问个性化学习支持的通过与合格，关怀的成年人有真正的关系。
    • Each student is挑战academically andprepared成功作为大学或进一步的学习或就业的全球公民。

    具有强大数据文化的地区也能够更加响应于学生和教师的迅速不断变化的需求。在大流行教育中，这可能意味着帮助学生和教师采取更加掌握的方法，优先考虑学生最需要的技能和能力，以便在下一阶段成功。响应数据文化可以快速枢转，为学生，教师和学校领导者提供关键信息构建支持更深入学习的计划，结构和课程单元，而不是肤浅的覆盖。

    - 4 -

    在哪里开始改善您的数据文化

    HOW DO DISTRICTS AND SCHOOLS GET STARTED?

    作为districts set out to establish and nurture a stronger data culture, they should consider the following steps.

    1. 评估您所在地区的当前数据文化。采访利益攸关方，对您所在地区（领导，教师，父母和学生）的不同角色和责任以及具有不同权力和影响力的人。询问他们认为目前在学区的数据播放的角色，以及数据的角色shouldplay in their opinion. Ask them how they do and don’t see data being used across the district.

      Inventory your district’s current data resources and practices. Once you’ve identified themes related to beliefs, values, norms, resources, and spaces, use a rubriclike this oneto identify the existing strengths and opportunities for improvement.

      data culture - findings_“width=

    2. Engage a variety of stakeholders in a process to articulate your district’s为什么为了using data. Explore the six elements of strong data culture together and look for exemplars within education and in other industries. Identify the outcomes your team wants to see from authentic data use and prioritize those outcomes. We like the是/不是，做/不是（我们区的强大数据文化是......我们区的强大数据文化不是......）和甚至结束对此的协议。一旦您有愿景草案（或陈述）草案，将它们分享到您的组织并要求提供反馈。

      data culture - articulate“width=

    3. 用你的头脑风暴策略f共享目的or how your district can improve its data culture in the areas most needed to achieve that purpose. Work with school leaders, teachers, parents, and students across your district to prototype solutions, then empower them to try them out. Once they’ve tested their strategies and collected feedback, use an Ease and Impact matrix like the one in本指南和这个工作表确定最容易产生影响的最简单的策略。

    4. Finally, never stop investing in your data culture. No culture is static – it will continue to evolve as the people within it grow and change. The only way to ensure your data culture continues to evolve in ways that are aligned with your shared purpose is to keep evaluating it. Useretrospectiveswith your teams to facilitate conversations about what is going well and what could be better in order to achieve your shared purpose for data use.

    通过这一切，school districts (with the help of state agencies and nonprofits) have come a long way in the areas of infrastructure and interoperability. Far less attention and effort has been focused on building data culture in schools. And without data culture, all of these efforts, including those tied to data quality, infrastructure, and technology, will fall flat and fail to have any lasting, equitable impact. That's one reason why we continue to be encouraged by those districts willing to reflect on these recommendations and invest in building their data culture.
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